Faculty of Information Technology, Belgrade Metropolitan University , Nis , Serbia
When temperatures of geothermal resource are high enough, i.e. exceeding 150 degrees Celsius, one can engage into electricity production from geothermal. In some cases, lower fluid temperatures are used in so called Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) or Kalina cycle to generate electricity. This complex mechanical process makes use of turbines which utilize pressurized vapor to produce electrical power. ORCs can also be used in combined heat and power systems to provide city parts with district heating from geothermal energy. The importance of strategical steps for further improvement of such systems aims at lowering the cost of drilling and utilizing primarily natural resources, thus enhancing their level of utilization and more efficient use of energy. As many countries worldwide are not as lucky as geothermally potent countries (Iceland, New Zealand, Italy, The Philippines for once), they would have to utilize lower temperature fluids.If a country has an unstable economy, the upfront costs for GE projects, especially with lower temperature fluids, can be much larger than the same projects in developed countries. More upfront effort for creating suitable incentives is necessary for securing such projects´ successful outcomes, which can be beneficial for the country in stake in terms of local renewable energy source utilization in the long run, as it creates policies and ultimately affects the law and consolidates efficient procedures on planning.
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